2025, Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part D

author(s)
Annie Caroline W, Vanaja P, Divya Bharathi Jayaraman and Velladurai Narayanan

abstract
Obesity has become a significant global public health challenge, contributing to the increased incidence of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disorders, and certain cancers. The multifactorial nature of obesity encompassing genetic, environmental, behavioural, and socioeconomic factors requires a comprehensive and individualized approach to prevention and management. Nurses, as frontline healthcare providers, play a vital role in addressing this epidemic due to their continuous and close contact with patients across diverse healthcare settings. They are uniquely positioned to assess patient risk factors, educate individuals about the health risks associated with obesity, and provide practical guidance on lifestyle modifications. Through patient-centred communication, nurses employ motivational interviewing and behavioural counselling techniques to foster sustainable changes in diet, physical activity, and other health behaviours. By addressing barriers such as cultural beliefs, economic limitations, and psychological challenges, nurses can tailor interventions to each patient’s context, thereby improving adherence and outcomes. In addition to direct patient care, nurses collaborate with interdisciplinary teams including dietitians, physicians, and mental health professionals-to develop holistic management plans that integrate nutritional advice, physical activity promotion, and psychological support. They also advocate for community-based health promotion initiatives aimed at raising awareness and creating environments that support healthy lifestyle choices. Utilizing evidence-based strategies, nurses facilitate ongoing monitoring and follow-up, helping patients set realistic goals and adapt to challenges over time. Their role extends beyond individual patient interactions to encompass health education, advocacy, and policy efforts that address social determinants of health, such as poverty and access to resources, which significantly impact obesity prevalence. By combining clinical expertise with empathetic communication, nurses empower patients to take active roles in their health, contributing meaningfully to the reduction of obesity-related complications and enhancing overall well-being.