2025, Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part B

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive condition often resulting in persistent dyspnea, adversely impacting quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions are important for symptom management.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a structured nursing intervention package on dyspnea among COPD patients admitted at NMCH, Rohtas, Bihar.

Need for the study: In 2021, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) affected approximately 213.39 million people globally, with an age-standardized prevalence rate of 2,512.86 per 100,000 population. This reflects a slight decrease of 1.46% since 1990, indicating relative stability in global prevalence when adjusted for age. However, the overall number of cases has increased, mainly due to population growth and aging. The global death toll from COPD in 2021 was 3.72 million, but the age-standardized mortality rate decreased significantly by 37.12% compared to 1990.

Objectives

· To assess and compare the pre-test level of dyspnea among patient with COPD between the study group and control group.

· To assess and compare the post-test level of dyspnea among patient with COPD between the study group and control group.

· To determine the effectiveness of Nursing intervention package on dyspnea among patient with COPD in the study group.

· To associate the pre-test and Post-test level of dyspnea among patient with COPD in the study and control group with their demographical variables.

Hypotheses

· RH₁: There will be a significant difference in the pre-test level of dyspnea among patient with COPD between the study and control group.

· RH₂: There will be a significant difference in the post test level of dyspnea among patient with COPD between the study and control group.

· RH₃: There will be a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test level of dyspnea among patient with COPD in study group.

· RH₄: There will be a significant association of pre-test and post-test level of dyspnea among patient with COPD with their socio demographical variable in the study and the control group.

Design: Quasi-experimental, non-randomized control group

Sample: 60 COPD patients (30 per group), purposive sampling

Intervention: Pursed-lip breathing, diaphragmatic breathing, patient education

Analysis: Standard dyspnea scale, statistical comparison between and within groups

Results: Significant reduction in dyspnea in the study group post-intervention (p<0.05); no significant change in the control group