2025, Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part B

Background: Hypertension is defined as a condition where the systolic blood pressure reaches or exceeds 140 mmHg, or the diastolic blood pressure is at least 90 mmHg, sustained over a prolonged duration. This condition represents a significant public health challenge worldwide. Hypertension, commonly known as the "silent killer," often occurs without any apparent symptoms in those who are affected. In India, the prevalence of hypertension ranges from 20% to 40% in urban areas, while it is observed in 13% to 17% of the rural population.

Aim of the study: The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and to formulate preventive guidelines for adults residing in the village of Sahauran, District Mohali, Punjab.

Design and methods: This study employed a quantitative approach utilizing a non-experimental survey research design. The research was conducted in the village of Sahauran, located in the District of Mohali, Punjab. A purposive sampling technique was implemented to select 1,997 participants aged between 20 and 60 years, aiming to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension based on their socio-demographic profiles and responses to a self-structured questionnaire. The gathered data was subsequently analyzed.

Result: The study's results indicated a relatively low prevalence of hypertension among adults. Only 5.5% (109 individuals) were diagnosed with hypertension, while the vast majority, 94.5% (1,888 individuals), were not affected. Hypertension was most common among individuals aged 50 to 60 years, those with no formal education (22%), individuals with primary education (29.4%), and those engaging in moderate physical activity (42.2%). Additionally, there was no significant difference in hypertension prevalence based on gender within the studied population.

Conclusion: The survey highlights a moderate prevalence of hypertension in Sahauran, predominantly affecting older adults, the unemployed, and those with limited education. Lifestyle factors such as stress, obesity, diet, and physical inactivity contribute significantly. While most individuals manage hypertension through medication, awareness and preventive strategies still need improvement. Enhancing public education and lifestyle interventions could significantly reduce hypertension prevalence.