2025, Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A

author(s)
Yerni Jyothi Kolli and Reena Thakur

abstract
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This article explores the primary risk factors associated with CAD among adults, categorizing them into modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Modifiable risk factors include hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and poor dietary habits. Non-modifiable risk factors encompass age, gender, family history, and genetic predisposition. The role of emerging risk factors such as inflammation and psychosocial stress is also discussed. The article highlights the importance of preventive strategies such as lifestyle modifications, regular medical check-ups, and medication adherence in mitigating CAD risks. A comprehensive understanding of these factors is crucial for early intervention and reducing the global burden of CAD.